The 3rd Crusade started in the year 1189. It was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Lands from Saladin, the Sultan* of Egypt and Syria. It was mostly successful, with important captures such as the cities Jaffa and Acre, but they failed to recapture Jerusalem.
One of the most notable people who went on the crusade was Richard the Lion Heart. While he was away crusading, his brother, John, took his place. His brother John was so cowardly that when Richard got captured, he paid for Richard to stay captive. King Philip II also departed with Richard to try to reconquer the Holy Lands.
It started when the Muslims tried to capture Egypt after the 2nd crusade had failed. The sultan of Egypt begged for help from Europe, and they gave him support, but an act of treason destroyed the prospect of victory for the Egyptians. The Muslims succeeded, and Saladin got Egypt and Syria under his control. They went on to re-conquer Jerusalem. The unified rulers of Europe couldn’t re-capture Jerusalem, but they did re-capture other important cities.
So all in all, the 3rd crusade was a win/lose thing for Europe, since they neither won nor lost. Hope you enjoyed this summary of the 3rd crusade
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